{"id":7085,"date":"2026-09-23T22:01:37","date_gmt":"2026-09-23T22:01:37","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/andreasphysioblog.com\/?p=7085"},"modified":"2026-09-23T22:01:37","modified_gmt":"2026-09-23T22:01:37","slug":"countermovement-rebound-jump-bridging-the-gap-between-cmj-and-drop-jump","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/andreasphysioblog.com\/?p=7085","title":{"rendered":"Countermovement Rebound Jump: Bridging the Gap Between CMJ and Drop Jump"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"p1 wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p1 wp-block-paragraph\">Jump testing is commonly used during ACL rehabilitation to assess treatment progress and help guide return-to-sport (RTS) readiness. Limb symmetry indices (LSI) of \u226590% are commonly used as part of RTS testing, although jump performance should not be interpreted from symmetry alone.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p1 wp-block-paragraph\">Two familiar jump tests used during ACL rehabilitation are the countermovement jump (CMJ) and the drop jump (DJ).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p1 wp-block-paragraph\">However, there can sometimes be a considerable gap between these two tasks. A CMJ starts from the floor and allows the athlete time to generate force, whereas a drop jump requires the athlete to absorb the forces associated with landing from a box and rapidly transition into another jump.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p1 wp-block-paragraph\">This is where the countermovement rebound jump (CMRJ) can provide an interesting bridge between the two.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p1 wp-block-paragraph\">During the CMRJ, the athlete performs a maximal countermovement jump, lands, and immediately performs a second rebound jump<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p1 wp-block-paragraph\">From a clinical perspective, this allows us to examine several aspects of performance within one task, including jump height, time to take-off, ground-contact time, countermovement depth, Reactive Strength Index (RSI), stiffness, and force\/impulse characteristics.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p1 wp-block-paragraph\">The CMRJ may therefore be particularly useful during the progression towards more demanding reactive tasks such as the drop jump.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p1 wp-block-paragraph\">Personally I would start using the CMJR earliest at 3months post or together with CMJ.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p3 wp-block-paragraph\">What do ask from your patient determine how they perform.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p1 wp-block-paragraph\">An important consideration when using the CMRJ is how we instruct the athlete to perform the test.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p1 wp-block-paragraph\">Xu and colleagues (1) investigated this in 25 recreational team-sport athletes. The participants performed the CMRJ using three different verbal instructions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list ol1\">\n<li>Height cue: maximise jump height.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Velocity cue: minimise the time spent on the ground.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Combined cue: maximise jump height while simultaneously minimising the time spent on the ground.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p1 wp-block-paragraph\">These relatively small changes in instruction changed the athlete\u2019s intention and movement strategy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list ol1\">\n<li>With the height cue, athletes used more time and movement displacement to generate the jump.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>With the velocity cue, athletes reduced countermovement depth and time to take-off during CMRJ1. During the rebound component, time-based measures were also reduced, but this came at the expense of jump height.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>With the combined cue, athletes were asked to maximise jump height while minimising the time spent on the ground. This condition produced the highest reactive-strength and explosive-power values of the three conditions.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p1 wp-block-paragraph\">How I instruct the CMRJ in the clinic<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p1 wp-block-paragraph\">If we want to compare CMRJ performance over time, we should therefore try to standardise not only the test setup but also the instructions given to the athlete.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p1 wp-block-paragraph\">When I use the CMRJ clinically, I want the first jump to be explosive, while the rebound challenges the athlete to rapidly transition from landing back into take-off.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p1 wp-block-paragraph\">My instruction is approximately:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p4 wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cGo down as fast as possible and jump as high as possible. When you land, think about being on the ground for as short a time as possible \u2014 like the floor is made of lava \u2014 and jump as high as possible again.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p1 wp-block-paragraph\">This essentially creates a combined height-and-velocity intention.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p1 wp-block-paragraph\">The first jump encourages the athlete to produce a fast and maximal countermovement jump. The second part challenges the athlete to absorb the landing and rapidly redirect force into another maximal jump.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p1 wp-block-paragraph\">A clinical example: 11.5 months after ACL reconstruction<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p1 wp-block-paragraph\">Here is an example from a 30-year-old female patient tested 11.5 months after ACL reconstruction.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p1 wp-block-paragraph\">During CMRJ1, she achieved a jump height of 22.0 cm, representing a 2.7% improvement from her previous assessment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p1 wp-block-paragraph\">Her flight-time-to-contraction-time ratio increased to 0.72 (+5.4%), while peak net take-off force increased to 15.7 N\/kg (+8.7%).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p1 wp-block-paragraph\">Overall, the first part of the test therefore showed slightly greater jump height alongside improved force production.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p1 wp-block-paragraph\">The rebound provides another layer of information.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p1 wp-block-paragraph\">Her ground-contact time was 238 ms, which was 17% longer than during her previous assessment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p1 wp-block-paragraph\">Normally, when the intention is to rebound quickly, we would like to see ground-contact time become shorter. However, we need to interpret this together with what happened to her jump performance.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p1 wp-block-paragraph\">Her rebound jump height increased to 18.6 cm (+13%), while flight time increased to 416 ms (+7.8%).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p1 wp-block-paragraph\">Her RSI was 1.93, representing only a small change from her previous assessment (-1.2%).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p1 wp-block-paragraph\">Can we maintain or further improve the rebound jump height while reducing ground-contact time?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p1 wp-block-paragraph\">That gives us a specific target for the next phase of rehabilitation:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p1 wp-block-paragraph\">Can we maintain or further improve the rebound jump height while reducing ground-contact time?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p1 wp-block-paragraph\">In this case, the training emphasis could therefore shift towards quicker reactive actions and reducing the time spent on the ground.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p1 wp-block-paragraph\">Or, using the same simple external cue:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p1 wp-block-paragraph\">\u201cThe floor is lava.\u201d \ud83d\udd25<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img fetchpriority=\"high\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"853\" height=\"1024\" src=\"https:\/\/andreasphysioblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/8a6b76bc-e8e4-424c-8d51-ac6d4b3b8da3-853x1024.jpg\" class=\"wp-image-7083\" srcset=\"https:\/\/andreasphysioblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/8a6b76bc-e8e4-424c-8d51-ac6d4b3b8da3-853x1024.jpg 853w, https:\/\/andreasphysioblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/8a6b76bc-e8e4-424c-8d51-ac6d4b3b8da3-250x300.jpg 250w, https:\/\/andreasphysioblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/8a6b76bc-e8e4-424c-8d51-ac6d4b3b8da3-768x922.jpg 768w, https:\/\/andreasphysioblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/8a6b76bc-e8e4-424c-8d51-ac6d4b3b8da3-83x100.jpg 83w, https:\/\/andreasphysioblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/8a6b76bc-e8e4-424c-8d51-ac6d4b3b8da3-600x720.jpg 600w, https:\/\/andreasphysioblog.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/09\/8a6b76bc-e8e4-424c-8d51-ac6d4b3b8da3.jpg 1145w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 853px) 100vw, 853px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p1 wp-block-paragraph\">Reference<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"p1 wp-block-paragraph\">Xu J, Turner A, Comyns TM, Chavda S, Bishop C. Effects of external verbal cueing on countermovement rebound jump performance. Sports Biomechanics. 2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Jump testing is commonly used during ACL rehabilitation to assess treatment progress and help guide return-to-sport (RTS) readiness. Limb symmetry indices (LSI) of \u226590% are commonly used as part of RTS testing, although jump performance should not be interpreted from symmetry alone. Two familiar jump tests used during ACL rehabilitation are the countermovement jump (CMJ) and the drop jump (DJ). However, there can sometimes be a considerable gap between these two tasks. A CMJ starts from the floor and allows the athlete time to generate force, whereas a drop jump requires the athlete to absorb the forces associated with landing from a box and rapidly transition into another jump. This is where the countermovement rebound jump (CMRJ) can provide an interesting bridge between the two. During the CMRJ, the athlete performs a maximal countermovement jump, lands, and immediately performs a second rebound jump From a clinical perspective, this allows us to examine several aspects of performance within one task, including jump height, time to take-off, ground-contact time, countermovement depth, Reactive Strength Index (RSI), stiffness, and force\/impulse characteristics. The CMRJ may therefore be particularly useful during the progression towards more demanding reactive tasks such as the drop jump. Personally I would start using the CMJR earliest at 3months post or together with CMJ. What do ask from your patient determine how they perform. An important consideration when using the CMRJ is how we instruct the athlete to perform the test.&nbsp; Xu and colleagues (1) investigated this in 25 recreational team-sport athletes. The participants performed the CMRJ using three different verbal instructions: These relatively small changes in instruction changed the athlete\u2019s intention and movement strategy. How I instruct the CMRJ in the clinic If we want to compare CMRJ performance over time, we should therefore try to standardise not only the test setup but also the instructions given to the athlete. When I use the CMRJ clinically, I want the first jump to be explosive, while the rebound challenges the athlete to rapidly transition from landing back into take-off. My instruction is approximately: \u201cGo down as fast as possible and jump as high as possible. When you land, think about being on the ground for as short a time as possible \u2014 like the floor is made of lava \u2014 and jump as high as possible again.\u201d This essentially creates a combined height-and-velocity intention. The first jump encourages the athlete to produce a fast and maximal countermovement jump. The second part challenges the athlete to absorb the landing and rapidly redirect force into another maximal jump. A clinical example: 11.5 months after ACL reconstruction Here is an example from a 30-year-old female patient tested 11.5 months after ACL reconstruction. During CMRJ1, she achieved a jump height of 22.0 cm, representing a 2.7% improvement from her previous assessment. Her flight-time-to-contraction-time ratio increased to 0.72 (+5.4%), while peak net take-off force increased to 15.7 N\/kg (+8.7%). Overall, the first part of the test therefore showed slightly greater jump height alongside improved force production. The rebound provides another layer of information. Her ground-contact time was 238 ms, which was 17% longer than during her previous assessment. Normally, when the intention is to rebound quickly, we would like to see ground-contact time become shorter. However, we need to interpret this together with what happened to her jump performance. Her rebound jump height increased to 18.6 cm (+13%), while flight time increased to 416 ms (+7.8%). Her RSI was 1.93, representing only a small change from her previous assessment (-1.2%). Can we maintain or further improve the rebound jump height while reducing ground-contact time? That gives us a specific target for the next phase of rehabilitation: Can we maintain or further improve the rebound jump height while reducing ground-contact time? In this case, the training emphasis could therefore shift towards quicker reactive actions and reducing the time spent on the ground. Or, using the same simple external cue: \u201cThe floor is lava.\u201d \ud83d\udd25 Reference Xu J, Turner A, Comyns TM, Chavda S, Bishop C. Effects of external verbal cueing on countermovement rebound jump performance. Sports Biomechanics. 2026<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":81,"featured_media":7084,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_coblocks_attr":"","_coblocks_dimensions":"","_coblocks_responsive_height":"","_coblocks_accordion_ie_support":"","om_disable_all_campaigns":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"postBodyCss":"","postBodyMargin":[],"postBodyPadding":[],"postBodyBackground":{"backgroundType":"classic","gradient":""},"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_wpcom_ai_launchpad_first_post":false,"_jetpack_feature_clip_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false},"categories":[155],"tags":[156,440,467,37],"class_list":["post-7085","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-acl","tag-acl","tag-aclr","tag-cmj","tag-knee"],"blocksy_meta":[],"aioseo_notices":[],"aioseo_head":"\n\t\t<!-- All in One SEO 5.0.1.1 - aioseo.com -->\n\t<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Jump testing is commonly used during ACL rehabilitation to assess treatment progress and help guide return-to-sport (RTS) readiness. 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